Composites Engineering Handbook Stanford

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  1. Composites Engineering Handbook Stanford University

ContactsOffice: Durand Building, 496 Lomita MallMail Code: Phone: (650) 723-3317Web Site:Courses offered by the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics are listed under the.The Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics prepares students for professional positions in industry, government, and academia by offering a comprehensive program of undergraduate and graduate teaching and research. In this broad program, students have the opportunity to learn and integrate multiple engineering disciplines. The program emphasizes structural, aerodynamic, guidance and control, and propulsion problems of aircraft and spacecraft. Courses in the teaching program lead to the degrees of Bachelor of Science, Master of Science, Engineer, and Doctor of Philosophy. Aeronautics and Astronautics (AA) Mission of the Undergraduate Program in Aeronautics and AstronauticsThe mission of the undergraduate program in Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering is to provide students with the fundamental principles and techniques necessary for success and leadership in the conception, design, implementation, and operation of aerospace and related engineering systems. Courses in the major introduce students to engineering principles. Students learn to apply this fundamental knowledge to conduct laboratory experiments, and aerospace system design problems.

Courses in the major include engineering fundamentals, mathematics, and the sciences, as well as in-depth courses in aeronautics and astronautics, dynamics, mechanics of materials, autonomous systems, computational engineering, embedded programming, fluids engineering, and heat transfer. The major prepares students for careers in aircraft and spacecraft engineering, autonomy, robotics, unmanned aerial vehicles, drones, space exploration, air and space-based telecommunication industries, computational engineering, teaching, research, military service, and other related technology-intensive fields.Completion of the undergraduate program in Aeronautics and Astronautics leads to the conferral of the Bachelor of Science in Aeronautics and Astronautics. Aeronautics and Astronautics (AA) MinorThe Aero/Astro minor introduces undergraduates to the key elements of modern aerospace systems. Within the minor, students may focus on aircraft, spacecraft, or disciplines relevant to both. The course requirements for the minor are described in detail below.

If any core classes (aside from ENGR 21; see footnote) are part of student's major or other degree program, the Aero/Astro adviser can help select substitute courses to fulfill the Aero/Astro minor requirements; no double counting allowed. All courses taken for the minor must be taken for a letter grade if that option is offered by the instructor. Master of Science in Aeronautics and AstronauticsThe University’s basic requirements for the master’s degree are outlined in the ' section of this bulletin.Students with an aeronautical engineering background should be able to complete the master’s degree in five quarters; note that many courses are not taught during the summer.

Students with a bachelor’s degree in Physical Science, Mathematics, or other areas of Engineering may find it necessary to take certain prerequisite courses, which may lengthen the time required to obtain the master’s degree.The Master of Science (M.S.) program is a terminal degree program. It is based on the completion of lecture courses focused on a theme within the discipline of Aeronautics and Astronautics engineering. No thesis is offered. Research is optional (required to take the qualifying examination).

Grade Point AveragesA minimum grade point average (GPA) of 2.75 is required to fulfill the department's master's degree requirements. A minimum GPA of 3.5 is required for eligibility to attempt the Ph.D. Qualifying examination. Students must also meet the University's quarterly academic requirements for graduate students as described in the ' section of this bulletin and in the 'Satisfactory Progress' section of the Guide to Graduate Studies in Aeronautics and Astronautics. All courses (excluding seminars) used to satisfy the requirements for basic courses, mathematics and technical electives must be taken for a letter grade.

Insufficient grade points on which to base the GPA may delay expected degree conferral or result in refusal of permission to take the qualifying examinations. Course RequirementsThe master's degree program requires 45 quarter units of course work, which must be taken at Stanford. Engineer in Aeronautics and AstronauticsThe degree of Engineer represents an additional year (or more) of study beyond the M.S. Degree and includes a research thesis. The program is designed for students who wish to do professional engineering work upon graduation and who want to engage in more specialized study than is afforded by the master’s degree alone.

It is expected that full-time students will be able to complete the degree within two years of study after the master’s degree.The University’s basic requirements for the degree of Engineer are outlined in the “” section of this bulletin. The following are department requirements.The candidate’s prior study program should have fulfilled the department’s requirements for the master’s degree or a substantial equivalent. Beyond the master’s degree, a total of 45 units of work is required, including a thesis and a minimum of 21 units of courses chosen as follows:.

21 units of approved technical electives, of which 6 are in mathematics or applied mathematics. See the list of mathematics courses under Related Courses tab above. All courses in the Mathematics Department numbered 200 or above are included. The remaining 15 units are chosen in consultation with the adviser, and represent a coherent field of study related to the thesis topic. Suggested fields include: (a) acoustics, (b) aerospace structures, (c) aerospace systems synthesis and design, (d) analytical and experimental methods in solid and fluid mechanics, (e) computational fluid dynamics, and (f) guidance and control.

The remaining 24 units may be thesis, research, technical courses, or free electives.Candidates for the degree of Engineer are expected to have a minimum grade point average (GPA) of 3.0 for work in courses beyond those required for the master’s degree. All courses except seminars and directed research should be taken for a letter grade. Engineer's thesisFor specific information on the format and deadlines for submission of theses, please check with the Graduate Degree Progress Office. The department recommends that students follow the format defined in the handbook, available in the Graduate Degree Progress Office. Note: the adviser must sign the thesis before the filing deadline, which is generally the last day of classes during the graduation quarter. Doctor of Philosophy in Aeronautics and AstronauticsThe University’s basic requirements for the Ph.D. Degree are outlined in the “” section of this bulletin.Department requirements are stated below.

Applicants who have received their M.S. From other institutions may apply directly to the Ph.D. Students who are currently pursuing the M.S.

In our department and wish to continue for the Ph.D. Should submit a graduate program authorization petition form online through Axess before their last quarter in the master's program.Before beginning dissertation research for the Ph.D. Degree, a student must pass the departmental qualifying examination. A student must meet the following conditions by the appropriate deadline to be able to take the qualifying examination:. 30 units of master's course work completed.

A student who has completed fewer than 30 units may petition to take the qualifying examination. Stanford graduate GPA of 3.5 or higher. Investigation of a research problem, under the direction of a faculty member who evaluates this work as evidence of the potential for doctoral research. The minimum requirement for taking the qualifying examination is to complete 3 units of before the qualifying examination quarter.Additional information about the deadlines, nature, and scope of the Ph.D. Qualifying examination can be obtained from the department. Recommended courses to prepare for the qualifying examination are listed on the. After passing the exam, the student must submit an approved program of Ph.D.

Course work on an Application for Candidacy for Doctoral Degree to the Aero/Astro student services office. Course RequirementsEach individual Ph.D. Program in Aeronautics and Astronautics, designed by the student in consultation with the adviser, should represent a strong and cohesive program reflecting the student's major field of interest.

A total of 90 units of credit is required beyond the M.S. Of these 90 units, a minimum of 27 must be formal course work (excluding research, directed study and seminars), consisting primarily of graduate courses in engineering and the pertinent sciences. The remainder of the 90 units may be in the form of either Ph.D. Dissertation units or free electives. For students who elect a minor in another department, a maximum of 9 units from the minor program may be included in the 27 units of formal course work; the remaining minor units may be considered free electives and are included in the 90 unit total required for the Aero/Astro Ph.D. Students in Aeronautics and Astronautics must take 9 units of mathematics courses, with at least 6 of these units from courses with numbers over 200. The Aero/Astro department and other engineering departments offer many courses that have sufficient mathematical content that they may be used to satisfy the mathematics requirement.

See the list of mathematics courses under tab for suggestions. Others may be acceptable if approved by the adviser and the Aero/Astro student services office.

University requirements for continuous registration apply to doctoral students for the duration of the degree. Grade Point AverageA minimum grade point average (GPA) of 3.0 is required to fulfill the department’s Ph.D.

Degree requirements. It is incumbent upon Ph.D. Students to request letter grades in all courses listed on the Application for Candidacy form. Students must complete the candidacy process and be admitted to candidacy by their second year of doctoral study. There are two requirements for admission to Ph.D. Candidacy in Aeronautics and Astronautics: students must first pass the departmental qualifying exam and must then submit an application for candidacy. The candidacy form lists the courses the student will take to fulfill the requirements for the degree.

The form must include the 90 non-M.S. Units required for the Ph.D.; it should be signed by the adviser and submitted to the Aero/Astro student services office for the candidacy chairman's signature. Aero/Astro has a department-specific candidacy form, which may be obtained in the Aero/Astro student services office.

Candidacy is valid for up to five years; this term is not affected by leaves of absence. Dissertation Reading CommitteeEach Ph.D. Candidate is required to establish a reading committee for the doctoral dissertation within six months after passing the department’s Ph.D.

Qualifying exam. Thereafter, the student should consult frequently with all members of the committee about the direction and progress of the dissertation research.A dissertation reading committee consists of the principal dissertation adviser and at least two other readers. If the principal adviser is emeritus, there should be a non-emeritus co-adviser. It is expected that at least two members of the Aero/Astro faculty be on each reading committee. If the principal research adviser is not within the Aero/Astro department, then the student’s Aero/Astro academic adviser should be one of those members. The initial committee, and any subsequent changes, must be approved by the department Chair.Although all readers are usually members of the Stanford Academic Council, the department Chair may approve one non-Academic Council reader if the person brings unusual and necessary expertise to the dissertation research.

Generally, this non-Academic Council reader will be a fourth reader, in addition to three Academic Council members. University Oral ExaminationThe Ph.D. Candidate is required to take the University oral examination after the dissertation is substantially completed (with the dissertation draft in writing), but before final approval. The examination consists of a public presentation of dissertation research, followed by substantive private questioning on the dissertation and related fields by the University oral committee (four faculty examiners, plus a chairman). The examiners usually include the three members on the student's Ph.D. Reading committee. The chairman must not be in the same department as the student or the adviser.

Once the oral examination has been passed, the student finalizes the dissertation for reading committee review and final approval. Forms for the University oral examination scheduling and a one-page dissertation abstract should be submitted to the Aero/Astro student services office at least three weeks prior to the date of the oral examination for departmental review and approval. Students must be enrolled during the quarter when they take their University oral examination.

If the oral examination takes place during the vacation time between quarters, the student must be enrolled in the prior quarter. Doctoral DissertationSee the, which outlines the University guidelines for preparing a Ph.D. Dissertation.When a student is ready for a final draft of the dissertation, the student should make an appointment to consult with the graduate degree progress officer in the Registrar's Office to review the completion of the Ph.D. Program and the strict formatting requirements for the dissertation.

Students must submit the final version of the dissertation to the Registrar's Office no later than the posted deadline. Note: All members of the reading committee must sign the dissertation before the filing deadline.The student’s Ph.D.

Reading committee and University oral committee must each include at least one faculty member from Aeronautics and Astronautics. Minor in Aeronautics and AstronauticsA student who wishes to obtain a Ph.D. Minor in Aeronautics and Astronautics should consult the Aero/Astro student services office for designation of a minor adviser.

A minor in Aeronautics and Astronautics may be obtained by completing 20 units of graduate-level courses in the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, following a program and performance approved by the department’s candidacy chair. The student's Ph.D. Reading committee and University oral committee must each include at least one faculty member from Aero/Astro. Graduate Advising ExpectationsThe Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics is committed to providing academic advising in support of graduate student education and professional development. Emeriti: (Professors) Arthur E. Bryson, Richard Christensen., Daniel B. DeBra, Antony Jameson, Robert W.

MacCormack, Bradford W. Parkinson., J.

David Powell., George S. Springer, Stephen W. Tsai., Walter G. VincentiChair: Charbel FarhatDirector of Graduate Studies: Brian J. CantwellDirector of Undergraduate Studies: Juan AlonsoProfessors: Juan Alonso, Brian J. Cantwell, Fu-Kuo Chang, Charbel Farhat, Ilan Kroo, Sanjay Lall, Sanjiva Lele, Stephen RockAssociate Professor: Sigrid Close, Marco PavoneAssistant Professors: Simone D'Amico, Mykel Kochenderfer, Zachary Manchester, Mac Schwager, Debbie SeneskyAdjunct Professors: Andrew Barrows, G. Scott Hubbard, James SpilkerLecturers: Dan Berkenstock, John Fenwick, Ward Hanson, Abid Kemal, Sherman Lo, Tyler Reid.

Recalled to active duty. Experimentation/Design Requirements CoursesThe following courses satisfy the master's Experimentation/Design Requirements. Why Go To Space? 1 Unit.Why do we spend billions of dollars exploring space? What can modern policymakers, entrepreneurs, and industrialists do to help us achieve our goals beyond planet Earth? Whether it is the object of exploration, science, civilization, or conquest, few domains have captured the imagination of a species like space. This course is an introduction to space policy issues, with an emphasis on the modern United States.

We will present a historical overview of space programs from all around the world, and then spend the last five weeks discussing present policy issues, through lectures and guest speakers from NASA, the Department of Defense, new and legacy space industry companies, and more. Students will present on one issue that piques their interest, selecting from various domains including commercial concerns, military questions, and geopolitical considerations. Introduction to Aeronautics and Astronautics. 3 Units.This class introduces the basics of aeronautics and astronautics through applied physics, hands-on activities, and real world examples.

The principles of fluid flow, flight, and propulsion for aircraft will be illustrated, including the creation of lift and drag, aerodynamic performance including takeoff, climb, range, and landing. The principles of orbits, maneuvers, space environment, and propulsion for spacecraft will be illustrated.

Students will be exposed to the history and challenges of aeronautics and astronautics. Introduction to Applied Aerodynamics. 3 Units.This course explores the fundamentals of the behavior of aerodynamic surfaces (airfoils, wings, bodies) immersed in a fluid across all speed regimes (from subsonic to supersonic/hypersonic). We will cover airfoil theory (subsonic and supersonic), wing theory, and introduction to viscous flows and both laminar and turbulent boundary layers, and the topic of flow transition. At the completion of this course, students will be able to understand and predict the forces and movements generated by aerodynamic configurations of interest. Assignments require a basic introductory knowledge of MATLAB or another suitable programming language. Prerequisites: and (or equivalent), PHYS 41, and AA 101.

Air and Space Propulsion. 3 Units.This course is designed to introduce the student to fundamental concepts of air-breathing and rocket propulsion including advanced concepts for space propulsion. Topics: the physical mechanisms of thrust creation and the parameters used to characterize propulsion system performance; comparison of airbreathing engine cycles; introduction to chemical rockets; multistage launch systems; plasmas and electric propulsion; solar sails and laser assisted propulsion. Prerequisites:, ENGR 30, and (or equivalent).

Surviving Space. 3 Units.Space is dangerous. Anything we put into orbit has to survive the intense forces experienced during launch, extreme temperature changes, impacts by cosmic rays and energetic protons and electrons, as well as hits by human-made orbital debris and meteoroids. If we venture beyond Earth's sphere of influence, we must also then endure the extreme plasma environment without the protection of our magnetic field. With all of these potential hazards, it is remarkable that our space program has experienced so few catastrophic failures. In this seminar, students will learn how engineers design and test spacecraft to ensure survivability in this harsh space environment. We will explore three different space environment scenarios, including a small satellite that must survive in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), a large spacecraft headed to rendezvous with an asteroid, and a human spaceflight mission to Mars.

Aerodynamics of Race Cars. 3 Units.Almost as soon as cars had been invented, races of various kinds were organized. In all its forms (open-wheel, touring car, sports car, production-car, one-make, stock car, etc.), car racing is today a very popular sport with a huge media coverage and significant commercial sponsorships. More importantly, it is a proving ground for new technologies and a battlefield for the giants of the automotive industry. While race car performance depends on elements such as engine power, chassis design, tire adhesion and of course, the driver, aerodynamics probably plays the most vital role in determining the performance and efficiency of a race car. Front and/or rear wings are visible on many of them.

During this seminar, you will learn about many other critical components of a race car including diffusers and add-ons such as vortex generators and spoilers. You will also discover that due to the competitive nature of this sport and its associated short design cycles, engineering decisions about a race car must rely on combined information from track, wind tunnel, and numerical computations.

It is clear that airplanes fly on wings. However, when you have completed this seminar, you will be able to understand that cars fly on their tires. You will also be able to appreciate that aerodynamics is important not only for drag reduction, but also for increasing cornering speeds and lateral stability. You will be able to correlate between a race car shape and the aerodynamics effects intended for influencing performance. And if you have been a fan of the Ferrari 458 Italia, you will be able to figure out what that black moustache in the front of the car was for. Electric Automobiles and Aircraft.

Composites Engineering Handbook Stanford University

3 Units.Transportation accounts for nearly one-third of American energy use and greenhouse gas emissions and three-quarters of American oil consumption. It has crucial impacts on climate change, air pollution, resource depletion, and national security. Students wishing to address these issues reconsider how we move, finding sustainable transportation solutions. An introduction to the issue, covering the past and present of transportation and its impacts; examining alternative fuel proposals; and digging deeper into the most promising option: battery electric vehicles. Energy requirements of air, ground, and maritime transportation; design of electric motors, power control systems, drive trains, and batteries; and technologies for generating renewable energy. Two opportunities for hands-on experiences with electric cars.

Prerequisites: Introduction to calculus and Physics AP or elementary mechanics. How to Design a Space Mission: from Concept to Execution. 3 Units.Space exploration is truly fascinating.

From the space race led by governments as an outgrowth of the Cold War to the new era of space commercialization led by private companies and startups, more than 50 years have passed, characterized by great leaps forward and discoveries. We will learn how space missions are designed, from concept to execution, based on the professional experience of the lecturer and numerous examples of spacecraft, including unique hardware demonstrations by startups of the Silicon Valley. We will study the essentials of systems engineering as applicable to a variety of mission types, for communication, navigation, science, commercial, and military applications.

We will explore the various elements of a space mission, including the spacecraft, ground, and launch segments with their functionalities. Special emphasis will be given to the design cycle, to understand how spacecraft are born, from the stakeholders' needs, through analysis, synthesis, all the way to their integration and validation. We will compare the current designs with those employed in the early days of the space age, and show the importance of economics in the development of spacecraft. Finally, we will brainstorm startup ideas and apply the concepts learned to a notional space mission design as a team. 3D Printed Aerospace Structures. 3 Units.The demand for rapid prototyping of lightweight, complex, and low-cost structures has led the aerospace industry to leverage three-dimensional (3D) printing as a manufacturing technology.

For example, the manufacture of aircraft engine components, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) wings, CubeSat parts, and satellite sub-systems have recently been realized with 3D printing and other additive manufacturing techniques. In this freshman seminar, a survey of state-of-the-art 3D printing processes will be reviewed and the process-dependent properties of 3D-printed materials and structures will be analyzed in detail. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of this manufacturing approach will be debated during class! To give students exposure to 3D printing systems in action, tours of actual 3D printing facilities on campus (Stanford's Product Realization Laboratory), as well as in Silicon Valley (e.g., Made in Space) will be conducted. Building Trust in Autonomy.

3 Units.Major advances in both hardware and software have accelerated the development of autonomous systems that have the potential to bring significant benefits to society. Google, Tesla, and a host of other companies are building autonomous vehicles that can improve safety and provide flexible mobility options for those who cannot drive themselves. On the aviation side, the past few years have seen the proliferation of unmanned aircraft that have the potential to deliver medicine and monitor agricultural crops autonomously. In the financial domain, a significant portion of stock trades are performed using automated trading algorithms at a frequency not possible by human traders. How do we build these systems that drive our cars, fly our planes, and invest our money? How do we develop trust in these systems?

What is the societal impact on increased levels of autonomy? It IS Rocket Science! 3 Units.It's an exciting time for space exploration. Companies like SpaceX and Blue Origin are launching rockets into space and bringing them back for reuse. NASA is developing the world's most powerful rocket. Startups are deploying constellations of hundreds of cubesats for communications, navigation, and earth monitoring. The human race has recently gotten a close look at Pluto, soft landed on a comet, and orbited two asteroids.

The upcoming launch of the James Webb Space Telescope will allow astronomers to look closer to the beginning of time than ever before. The workings of space systems remain mysterious to most people, but in this seminar we'll pull back the curtain for a look at the basics of 'rocket science.' How does a SpaceX rocket get into space?

How do Skybox satellites capture images for Google Earth? How did the New Horizons probe find its way to Pluto?

How do we communicate with spacecraft that are so distant? We'll explore these topics and a range of others during the quarter.

We'll cover just enough physics and math to determine where to look in the sky for a spacecraft, planet, or star. Then we'll check our math by going outside for an evening pizza party observing these objects in the night sky. We'll also visit a spacecraft production facility or Mission Operations Center to see theory put into practice. Dawn of the Drones: How Will Unmanned Aerial Systems Change Our World? 3 Units.Unmanned aerial systems (UASs) have exploded on the scene in recent years, igniting a national debate about how to use them, how to regulate them, and how to make them safe.

This seminar will dive into the many engineering challenges behind the headlines: in the future, how will we engineer UASs ranging in size from simple RC toys to highly-sophisticated autonomous scientific and military data gathering systems? This seminar will examine the key elements required to conceive, implement, deploy, and operate state-of-the-art of drone systems: What variety of problems can they help us solve? How autonomous are they and how autonomous do they need to be? What are the key technical bottlenecks preventing widespread deployment?

How are they different from commercial aircraft? What kinds of companies will serve the market for UAV-related products and services? What business models will be successful and why? We will emphasize aspects of design, autonomy, reliability, navigation, sensing, and perception, as well as coordination/collaboration through a series of case studies drawn from our recent experience. Examples include imaging efforts to map the changing coral reefs in the South Pacific, using and controlling swarms of unmanned systems to perform search and rescue missions over large areas, and package delivery systems over large metropolitan areas. Hands-on experience with Stanford-developed UASs will be part of the seminar. Space Flight.

Dfs cdma tool key. 3 Units.This class is all about how to build a spacecraft. It is designed to introduce undergraduate engineering students to the engineering fundamentals of conceiving, designing, implementing, and operating satellites and other space systems. Topics include orbital dynamics, attitude dynamics, mission design, and subsystem technologies.

The space environment and the seven classic spacecraft subsystems - propulsion, attitude control and navigation, structure, thermal, power, telemetry and command, and payload - will be explored in detail. Prerequisites: Freshman-level physics, basic calculus and differential equations. Introduction to Space Policy. 3 Units.The last decade has seen dramatic developments and a rekindling of interest in space efforts. Silicon Valley has invested in a range of activities, including reusable launch services, constellations of communication and observation satellites, off-planet resource development, and even space tourism.

Governments are restructuring their space-oriented military and regulatory agencies. Scientific missions continue to benefit from advances in technology, extending the reach and capabilities of robotic missions. Human missions will finally revisit deep space after decades spent solely in low earth orbit.

NnThis course investigates the economic, policy, and engineering challenges to building a thriving private and public space industry. We begin with a review of historical space efforts, both public and private. We will investigate current efforts in detail, including budgeting, regulatory frameworks, and the key drivers of the renewed space activity. Externalities provide a core rationale for governmental policy action, including such topics as conflicts over spectrum used by space assets, stimulating innovation, orbital debris challenges, dual-use space technologies, and unclear or conflicting rights to develop space-based resources. Leaders from government and new space companies will occasionally participate in the class.nnStudents will be expected to participate in policy and case discussions, contribute several papers including a final project paper, and complete problem and policy analyses.

Readings will include articles, policy papers, HBS cases, regulatory filings, and mission reviews.Same as. Atmospheric Flight. 3 Units.From people's initial dreams and theories of flight to future design problems, this class introduces students to flight in the atmosphere and the multidisciplinary challenges of aircraft design.

We will discuss how new approaches to airplane propulsion, structures, autonomy, and aerodynamics can lead to environmentally sustainable future transportation, supersonic flight, and personal air vehicles. We will look at how local companies are developing autonomous aircraft, inspired by natural flyers, to systems that will provide ubiquitous internet access flying at twice the altitude of airliners. Prerequisites:, or MATH 41, 42 or equivalents; elementary physics. Aircraft Design. 4 Units.Air Capstone I. Required for Aero/Astro majors.

This capstone design class brings together the material from prior classes in a way that emphasizes the interactions between disciplines and demonstrates how some of the more theoretical topics are synthesized in practical design of an aircraft concept. The class will address a single problem developed by the faculty and staff. Students will spend two quarters designing a system that addresses the objectives and requirements posed at the beginning of the course sequence.

They will work individually and in teams, focusing on some aspect of the problem but exposed to many different disciplines and challenges. The second quarter will focus on the demonstration of a physical system incorporating features of the design solution. This may be accomplished with a set of experiments or a flight demonstration involving data gathering and synthesis of work in a final report authored by the team.nnnPrerequisites:nn1., or 41, 42 or equivalentsnn2.

Elementary physics, and AA100 or equivalent classesnn3. Additional required AA courses dealing with aero, structures, and controls.

Aircraft Design Laboratory. 3 Units.Air Capstone II. Required for Aero/Astro majors. This capstone design class brings together the material from prior classes in a way that emphasizes the interactions between disciplines and demonstrates how some of the more theoretical topics are synthesized in practical design of an aircraft concept. The class will address a single problem developed by the faculty and staff.

Students will spend two quarters designing a system that addresses the objectives and requirements posed at the beginning of the course sequence. They will work individually and in teams, focusing on some aspect of the problem but exposed to many different disciplines and challenges. The second quarter will focus on the demonstration of a physical system incorporating features of the design solution. This may be accomplished with a set of experiments or a flight demonstration involving data gathering and synthesis of work in a final report authored by the team.nnnPrerequisites:. Operation of Aerospace Systems.

1 Unit.This course provides a connection with the products of aerospace design through the use of tours, guest speakers, flight simulation, and hands-on exposure to systems used by pilots and space mission operators. We discuss real-world experiences with operators of spacecraft and launch vehicles, and we hear from pilots of manned and unmanned aircraft. Skills required to operate systems in the past, present, and future are addressed. Students will also develop an appreciation of the effects of human factors on aviation safety and the importance of space situational awareness.

Anticipated tours include an air traffic control facility and a spacecraft operations center. Some class sessions will be off campus tours at local facilities; these will require some scheduling flexibility outside of normal class hours. Lightweight Structures. 3 Units.The development of lightweight structures aids in enhancing the robustness, efficiency, and cost of aerospace systems. In this course, the theoretical principles used to analyze stress-strain behavior, beam bending, torsion, and thin-walled structures will be reviewed and exercised. In addition, students will study structures under various loading conditions found in real-world applications such as the design of airframes, high-altitude balloons, and solar sails.

Students from various disciplines of engineering can benefit from this course. (Introduction to Solid Mechanics) is a highly recommended prerequisite. GUIDANCE & NAVIGATION. 3 Units.Position, Navigation and Timing (PNT) is an increasingly critical element of aerospace and autonomous systems from autonomous cars to commercial jets to deep space probes. Analyze how modern navigation systems work including dead reckoning (speed, direction), radio navigation systems (ground based and satellite) and inertial navigation.

Composites

Examine the safety and secure use of these systems for guiding commercial aviation and autonomous navigation applications. Explore emerging technologies that may affect the capability and design of future aerospace systems including pulsar navigation for deep space missions and cellular and other signals to aid urban navigation of UAVs, self-driving cars and rail.

NnPrerequisites: E15 and familiarity with Matlab and Linear Algebra. Principles of Robot Autonomy I. 3-4 Units.Basic principles for endowing mobile autonomous robots with perception, planning, and decision-making capabilities. Algorithmic approaches for robot perception, localization, and simultaneous localization and mapping; control of non-linear systems, learning-based control, and robot motion planning; introduction to methodologies for reasoning under uncertainty, e.g., (partially observable) Markov decision processes. Extensive use of the Robot Operating System (ROS) for demonstrations and hands-on activities.

Prerequisites: or equivalent, or equivalent (for linea.